Somatic Cancer

Immunotherapy companion diagnostic FDA approved Biomarker-PDL1 (22C3 – DAKO) by IHC

Our body’s immune system detects Infected cells and tumour cells and eliminates them with the aid of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Normal cells differentiate themselves from the tumor cells by expressing a protein signal called PD-L1 (programmed death ligand 1)to limit harm to the surrounding tissue. This PD-L1 signal is a stop sign meant to prevent cytotoxic T cells from destroying normal cells. T cells use a receptor called PD-1 (programmed death receptor 1)to identify the PD-L1 signal. Some tumours can also express the PD-L1 signal in order to deceive the immune system and avoid being detected. Anti-PD-1 therapy works by preventing the interaction between PD-1 and PD-L1 ontumour cells. Patient response from anti-PD-1 therapy (immunotherapy) is associated with PD-L1 expression. Different clones of PDL1 are validated against different targeted immunotherapies and hence a specific PDL1 clone has to be requested for IHC testing, based on targeted immunotherapeutic drugs.eg. PDL1 22C3 for Pembrolizumab.